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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>13.3. robotparser — Parser for robots.txt — Python 2.7.5 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/default.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { URL_ROOT: '../', VERSION: '2.7.5', COLLAPSE_INDEX: false, FILE_SUFFIX: '.html', HAS_SOURCE: true }; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 2.7.5 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="top" title="Python 2.7.5 documentation" href="../index.html" /> <link rel="up" title="13. File Formats" href="fileformats.html" /> <link rel="next" title="13.4. netrc — netrc file processing" href="netrc.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="13.2. ConfigParser — Configuration file parser" href="configparser.html" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> </head> <body> <div class="related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="netrc.html" title="13.4. netrc — netrc file processing" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="configparser.html" title="13.2. ConfigParser — Configuration file parser" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.5 documentation</a> » </li> <li><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li><a href="fileformats.html" accesskey="U">13. File Formats</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body"> <div class="section" id="module-robotparser"> <span id="robotparser-parser-for-robots-txt"></span><h1>13.3. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-robotparser" title="robotparser: Loads a robots.txt file and answers questions about fetchability of other URLs."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">robotparser</span></tt></a> — Parser for robots.txt<a class="headerlink" href="#module-robotparser" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <div class="admonition note" id="index-0"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-robotparser" title="robotparser: Loads a robots.txt file and answers questions about fetchability of other URLs."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">robotparser</span></tt></a> module has been renamed <tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.robotparser</span></tt> in Python 3. The <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-to3"><em class="xref std std-term">2to3</em></a> tool will automatically adapt imports when converting your sources to Python 3.</p> </div> <p>This module provides a single class, <a class="reference internal" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser" title="robotparser.RobotFileParser"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">RobotFileParser</span></tt></a>, which answers questions about whether or not a particular user agent can fetch a URL on the Web site that published the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file. For more details on the structure of <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> files, see <a class="reference external" href="http://www.robotstxt.org/orig.html">http://www.robotstxt.org/orig.html</a>.</p> <dl class="class"> <dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser"> <em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">robotparser.</tt><tt class="descname">RobotFileParser</tt><big>(</big><em>url=''</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This class provides methods to read, parse and answer questions about the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file at <em>url</em>.</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.set_url"> <tt class="descname">set_url</tt><big>(</big><em>url</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.set_url" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Sets the URL referring to a <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.read"> <tt class="descname">read</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.read" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Reads the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> URL and feeds it to the parser.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.parse"> <tt class="descname">parse</tt><big>(</big><em>lines</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.parse" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Parses the lines argument.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.can_fetch"> <tt class="descname">can_fetch</tt><big>(</big><em>useragent</em>, <em>url</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.can_fetch" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></tt> if the <em>useragent</em> is allowed to fetch the <em>url</em> according to the rules contained in the parsed <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.mtime"> <tt class="descname">mtime</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.mtime" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns the time the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file was last fetched. This is useful for long-running web spiders that need to check for new <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> files periodically.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.modified"> <tt class="descname">modified</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.modified" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Sets the time the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file was last fetched to the current time.</p> </dd></dl> </dd></dl> <p>The following example demonstrates basic use of the RobotFileParser class.</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">robotparser</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">rp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">robotparser</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RobotFileParser</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">rp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_url</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"http://www.musi-cal.com/robots.txt"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">rp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">rp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">can_fetch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"*"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"http://www.musi-cal.com/cgi-bin/search?city=San+Francisco"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">False</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">rp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">can_fetch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"*"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"http://www.musi-cal.com/"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">True</span> </pre></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="configparser.html" title="previous chapter">13.2. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ConfigParser</span></tt> — Configuration file parser</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="netrc.html" title="next chapter">13.4. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt> — netrc file processing</a></p> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li><a href="../_sources/library/robotparser.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> <p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%"> Enter search terms or a module, class or function name. </p> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="netrc.html" title="13.4. netrc — netrc file processing" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="configparser.html" title="13.2. 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