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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>13.4. netrc — netrc file processing — Python 2.7.5 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/default.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { URL_ROOT: '../', VERSION: '2.7.5', COLLAPSE_INDEX: false, FILE_SUFFIX: '.html', HAS_SOURCE: true }; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 2.7.5 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="top" title="Python 2.7.5 documentation" href="../index.html" /> <link rel="up" title="13. 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File Formats</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body"> <div class="section" id="module-netrc"> <span id="netrc-netrc-file-processing"></span><h1>13.4. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-netrc" title="netrc: Loading of .netrc files."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt></a> — netrc file processing<a class="headerlink" href="#module-netrc" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p class="versionadded"> <span class="versionmodified">New in version 1.5.2.</span></p> <p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/2.7/Lib/netrc.py">Lib/netrc.py</a></p> <hr class="docutils" /> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-netrc" title="netrc: Loading of .netrc files."><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt></a> class parses and encapsulates the netrc file format used by the Unix <strong class="program">ftp</strong> program and other FTP clients.</p> <dl class="class"> <dt id="netrc.netrc"> <em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">netrc.</tt><tt class="descname">netrc</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>file</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#netrc.netrc" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>A <a class="reference internal" href="#module-netrc" title="netrc: Loading of .netrc files."><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt></a> instance or subclass instance encapsulates data from a netrc file. The initialization argument, if present, specifies the file to parse. If no argument is given, the file <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">.netrc</span></tt> in the user’s home directory will be read. Parse errors will raise <a class="reference internal" href="#netrc.NetrcParseError" title="netrc.NetrcParseError"><tt class="xref py py-exc docutils literal"><span class="pre">NetrcParseError</span></tt></a> with diagnostic information including the file name, line number, and terminating token.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="netrc.NetrcParseError"> <em class="property">exception </em><tt class="descclassname">netrc.</tt><tt class="descname">NetrcParseError</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#netrc.NetrcParseError" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception raised by the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-netrc" title="netrc: Loading of .netrc files."><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt></a> class when syntactical errors are encountered in source text. Instances of this exception provide three interesting attributes: <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">msg</span></tt> is a textual explanation of the error, <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">filename</span></tt> is the name of the source file, and <tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">lineno</span></tt> gives the line number on which the error was found.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="section" id="netrc-objects"> <span id="id1"></span><h2>13.4.1. netrc Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#netrc-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>A <a class="reference internal" href="#module-netrc" title="netrc: Loading of .netrc files."><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt></a> instance has the following methods:</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="netrc.netrc.authenticators"> <tt class="descclassname">netrc.</tt><tt class="descname">authenticators</tt><big>(</big><em>host</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#netrc.netrc.authenticators" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a 3-tuple <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(login,</span> <span class="pre">account,</span> <span class="pre">password)</span></tt> of authenticators for <em>host</em>. If the netrc file did not contain an entry for the given host, return the tuple associated with the ‘default’ entry. If neither matching host nor default entry is available, return <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="netrc.netrc.__repr__"> <tt class="descclassname">netrc.</tt><tt class="descname">__repr__</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#netrc.netrc.__repr__" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Dump the class data as a string in the format of a netrc file. (This discards comments and may reorder the entries.)</p> </dd></dl> <p>Instances of <a class="reference internal" href="#module-netrc" title="netrc: Loading of .netrc files."><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt></a> have public instance variables:</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="netrc.netrc.hosts"> <tt class="descclassname">netrc.</tt><tt class="descname">hosts</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#netrc.netrc.hosts" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Dictionary mapping host names to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(login,</span> <span class="pre">account,</span> <span class="pre">password)</span></tt> tuples. The ‘default’ entry, if any, is represented as a pseudo-host by that name.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="netrc.netrc.macros"> <tt class="descclassname">netrc.</tt><tt class="descname">macros</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#netrc.netrc.macros" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Dictionary mapping macro names to string lists.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">Passwords are limited to a subset of the ASCII character set. Versions of this module prior to 2.3 were extremely limited. Starting with 2.3, all ASCII punctuation is allowed in passwords. However, note that whitespace and non-printable characters are not allowed in passwords. This is a limitation of the way the .netrc file is parsed and may be removed in the future.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">13.4. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">netrc</span></tt> — netrc file processing</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#netrc-objects">13.4.1. netrc Objects</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="robotparser.html" title="previous chapter">13.3. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robotparser</span></tt> — Parser for robots.txt</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="xdrlib.html" title="next chapter">13.5. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">xdrlib</span></tt> — Encode and decode XDR data</a></p> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li><a href="../_sources/library/netrc.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> <p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%"> Enter search terms or a module, class or function name. </p> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="xdrlib.html" title="13.5. xdrlib — Encode and decode XDR data" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="robotparser.html" title="13.3. robotparser — Parser for robots.txt" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="http://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.5 documentation</a> » </li> <li><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li><a href="fileformats.html" >13. File Formats</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 1990-2019, Python Software Foundation. <br /> The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. <a href="http://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a> <br /> Last updated on Jul 03, 2019. <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>? <br /> Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.1.3. </div> </body> </html>
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