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package LWP::Protocol;

require LWP::MemberMixin;
@ISA = qw(LWP::MemberMixin);
$VERSION = "6.00";

use strict;
use Carp ();
use HTTP::Status ();
use HTTP::Response;

my %ImplementedBy = (); # scheme => classname

sub new
{
    my($class, $scheme, $ua) = @_;

my $self = bless {
	scheme => $scheme,
	ua => $ua,

# historical/redundant
        max_size => $ua->{max_size},
    }, $class;

$self;
}

sub create
{
    my($scheme, $ua) = @_;
    my $impclass = LWP::Protocol::implementor($scheme) or
	Carp::croak("Protocol scheme '$scheme' is not supported");

# hand-off to scheme specific implementation sub-class
    my $protocol = $impclass->new($scheme, $ua);

return $protocol;
}

sub implementor
{
    my($scheme, $impclass) = @_;

if ($impclass) {
	$ImplementedBy{$scheme} = $impclass;
    }
    my $ic = $ImplementedBy{$scheme};
    return $ic if $ic;

return '' unless $scheme =~ /^([.+\-\w]+)$/;  # check valid URL schemes
    $scheme = $1; # untaint
    $scheme =~ s/[.+\-]/_/g;  # make it a legal module name

# scheme not yet known, look for a 'use'd implementation
    $ic = "LWP::Protocol::$scheme";  # default location
    $ic = "LWP::Protocol::nntp" if $scheme eq 'news'; #XXX ugly hack
    no strict 'refs';
    # check we actually have one for the scheme:
    unless (@{"${ic}::ISA"}) {
	# try to autoload it
	eval "require $ic";
	if ($@) {
	    if ($@ =~ /Can't locate/) { #' #emacs get confused by '
		$ic = '';
	    }
	    else {
		die "$@\n";
	    }
	}
    }
    $ImplementedBy{$scheme} = $ic if $ic;
    $ic;
}

sub request
{
    my($self, $request, $proxy, $arg, $size, $timeout) = @_;
    Carp::croak('LWP::Protocol::request() needs to be overridden in subclasses');
}

# legacy
sub timeout    { shift->_elem('timeout',    @_); }
sub max_size   { shift->_elem('max_size',   @_); }

sub collect
{
    my ($self, $arg, $response, $collector) = @_;
    my $content;
    my($ua, $max_size) = @{$self}{qw(ua max_size)};

eval {
	local $\; # protect the print below from surprises
        if (!defined($arg) || !$response->is_success) {
            $response->{default_add_content} = 1;
        }
        elsif (!ref($arg) && length($arg)) {
            open(my $fh, ">", $arg) or die "Can't write to '$arg': $!";
	    binmode($fh);
            push(@{$response->{handlers}{response_data}}, {
                callback => sub {
                    print $fh $_[3] or die "Can't write to '$arg': $!";
                    1;
                },
            });
            push(@{$response->{handlers}{response_done}}, {
                callback => sub {
		    close($fh) or die "Can't write to '$arg': $!";
		    undef($fh);
		},
	    });
        }
        elsif (ref($arg) eq 'CODE') {
            push(@{$response->{handlers}{response_data}}, {
                callback => sub {
		    &$arg($_[3], $_[0], $self);
		    1;
                },
            });
        }
        else {
            die "Unexpected collect argument '$arg'";
        }

$ua->run_handlers("response_header", $response);

if (delete $response->{default_add_content}) {
            push(@{$response->{handlers}{response_data}}, {
		callback => sub {
		    $_[0]->add_content($_[3]);
		    1;
		},
	    });
        }

my $content_size = 0;
        my $length = $response->content_length;
        my %skip_h;

while ($content = &$collector, length $$content) {
            for my $h ($ua->handlers("response_data", $response)) {
                next if $skip_h{$h};
                unless ($h->{callback}->($response, $ua, $h, $$content)) {
                    # XXX remove from $response->{handlers}{response_data} if present
                    $skip_h{$h}++;
                }
            }
            $content_size += length($$content);
            $ua->progress(($length ? ($content_size / $length) : "tick"), $response);
            if (defined($max_size) && $content_size > $max_size) {
                $response->push_header("Client-Aborted", "max_size");
                last;
            }
        }
    };
    my $err = $@;
    delete $response->{handlers}{response_data};
    delete $response->{handlers} unless %{$response->{handlers}};
    if ($err) {
        chomp($err);
        $response->push_header('X-Died' => $err);
        $response->push_header("Client-Aborted", "die");
        return $response;
    }

return $response;
}

sub collect_once
{
    my($self, $arg, $response) = @_;
    my $content = \ $_[3];
    my $first = 1;
    $self->collect($arg, $response, sub {
	return $content if $first--;
	return \ "";
    });
}

__END__

=head1 NAME

LWP::Protocol - Base class for LWP protocols

=head1 SYNOPSIS

package LWP::Protocol::foo;
 require LWP::Protocol;
 @ISA=qw(LWP::Protocol);

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This class is used a the base class for all protocol implementations
supported by the LWP library.

When creating an instance of this class using
C<LWP::Protocol::create($url)>, and you get an initialised subclass
appropriate for that access method. In other words, the
LWP::Protocol::create() function calls the constructor for one of its
subclasses.

All derived LWP::Protocol classes need to override the request()
method which is used to service a request. The overridden method can
make use of the collect() function to collect together chunks of data
as it is received.

The following methods and functions are provided:

=over 4

=item $prot = LWP::Protocol->new()

The LWP::Protocol constructor is inherited by subclasses. As this is a
virtual base class this method should B<not> be called directly.

=item $prot = LWP::Protocol::create($scheme)

Create an object of the class implementing the protocol to handle the
given scheme. This is a function, not a method. It is more an object
factory than a constructor. This is the function user agents should
use to access protocols.

=item $class = LWP::Protocol::implementor($scheme, [$class])

Get and/or set implementor class for a scheme.  Returns '' if the
specified scheme is not supported.

=item $prot->request(...)

$response = $protocol->request($request, $proxy, undef);
 $response = $protocol->request($request, $proxy, '/tmp/sss');
 $response = $protocol->request($request, $proxy, \&callback, 1024);

Dispatches a request over the protocol, and returns a response
object. This method needs to be overridden in subclasses.  Refer to
L<LWP::UserAgent> for description of the arguments.

=item $prot->collect($arg, $response, $collector)

Called to collect the content of a request, and process it
appropriately into a scalar, file, or by calling a callback.  If $arg
is undefined, then the content is stored within the $response.  If
$arg is a simple scalar, then $arg is interpreted as a file name and
the content is written to this file.  If $arg is a reference to a
routine, then content is passed to this routine.

The $collector is a routine that will be called and which is
responsible for returning pieces (as ref to scalar) of the content to
process.  The $collector signals EOF by returning a reference to an
empty sting.

The return value from collect() is the $response object reference.

B<Note:> We will only use the callback or file argument if
$response->is_success().  This avoids sending content data for
redirects and authentication responses to the callback which would be
confusing.

=item $prot->collect_once($arg, $response, $content)

Can be called when the whole response content is available as
$content.  This will invoke collect() with a collector callback that
returns a reference to $content the first time and an empty string the
next.

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

Inspect the F<LWP/Protocol/file.pm> and F<LWP/Protocol/http.pm> files
for examples of usage.

=head1 COPYRIGHT

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

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